Appendix 2
Abstract
Archaeological finds of wheat and barley in Central, East and South Asia between the sixth and second
millennia BCE, illustrated in figures 9-10
Legend
1-0 indicates presence (1) and absence (0) of plant species
? Indicates the presence of plant species is unclear
Dating method is indicated as
AMS direct radiocarbon dating on seeds
C14 radiocarbon dating on other material
assoc. dating via cultural association
- data not available
T Triticum aestivum/durum – free-threshing wheat
H Hordeum vulgare – barley
O Oryza sativa – rice
P Panicum miliaceum – broomcorn millet
S Setaria italica – foxtail millet
under species column, w indicates possible wild species
Data compiled consulting Chen F.H. et al. 2015; He et al. 2022a; Liu et al. 2016; 2017; Stevens, Fuller 2017;
Stevens, Zhuang, Fuller 2014; Stevens et al. 2016.
Submitted: Feb. 5, 2025 | Accepted: May 5, 2025 | Published Sept. 18, 2025 | Language: it
Copyright © 2025 Rita Dal Martello. This is an open-access work distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction is permitted, provided that the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. The license allows for commercial use. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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- Appendix 2
- Oct. 31, 2025