3 • The Nature of Safavid Diplomacy

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Abstract
The presence of resident embassies in Italian states responded to a pressing need for accurate, up-to-date information about the actions and intentions of neighbours. Unlike the major European powers, neither the Ottoman nor the Safavid empires maintained permanent embassies abroad, including Venice.


open access | peer reviewed

Submitted: July 16, 2021 | Accepted: Oct. 12, 2021 | Published April 8, 2022 | Language: en


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