5 • The Safavid-Ottoman Gift Exchanges Through the Eyes of the Venetians
Abstract
Safavid Empire had much more extensive diplomatic relations with
Turco-Muslim polities, particularly with the Ottomans, compared to
the European states. Safavids and Ottomans interacted with each
other actively, managing their relationships through relatively regular
exchanges of envoy missions. The importance that Safavids placed
on their relationship with the Ottoman was reflected in the values of
the gifts made to the Sultan. Subsequently, the value, quantity, and
variety of gifts sent to their neighbouring powers was greater than
those sent to European countries.
open access | peer reviewed
Submitted: July 16, 2021 | Accepted: Oct. 12, 2021 | Published April 8, 2022 | Language: en
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